Archaeologists in Italy have found one of the oldest known cases of the bubonic plague, which has caused millions of deaths in the past. According to Daily Mail, experts have discovered the virus Yersinia pestis in a 3,290-year-old Egyptian mummy, making it the first case of plague outside Eurasia.
Prior to this, archaeologists had found remains of a 5,000-year-old human skeleton with the virus in Russia.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the plague is transmitted between animals through fleas and they can spread among humans through bite of infected vector fleas, unprotected contact with infectious bodily fluids and inhalation of respiratory particles from a plague patient.
The Egyptian mummy was an adult male sourced from the collection of the Museo Egizio museum in Turin, Italy. It was unearthed from Tuna el Gebel district in Egypt’s Minya in October 2023. Using the carbon dating method, experts estimated that the man may have lived in Egypt’s New Kingdom era somewhere between 1686-1449 BC.
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The details were shared by archaeology team at the European Meeting of the Paleopathology Association in August this year. While the experts were unable to determine how widespread the plague was at the time, they are sure the man was mummified by hand.
They also noted that there are three documented cases of the plague which wreaked havoc in several parts of the world. One of them was the Black Death in Europe in the 14th century which is estimated to have killed around 50 million people. China and the Mongolian region also faced the disease in the 19th century.