As the world gets into holiday mood, the European Space Agency (ESA) has shared pictures of ‘Winter Wonderland’ on Mars. The images feature the icy landscape on the red planet’s south pole captured by the Mars Express orbit.
❄☃ “We’re dreaming of a white Christmas…” – on Mars?
Step into the end of the year with this picturesque ‘winter wonderland’ scene at the south pole of Mars, captured by our Mars Express.
Is it snowing where you are?
🔗https://t.co/mu4HuqfnVx pic.twitter.com/snnPc5WvFG
— European Space Agency (@esa) December 21, 2024
The region in the pictures is named Australe Scopuli where the red landscape turns white due to swirls of carbon dioxide ice and dust layers. Temperature drops as low as -125°C when it snows in the southern polar region.
According to ESA, the images were taken in June 2022 close to summer solstice at the Martian south pole. Around this time, the region gets covered in dark patches as the ice sublimates i.e. turns directly from solid into vapour, when the sunlight warms the surface.
As the sunlight causes the sublimation, pressure builds in pockets of gas which makes the icy layer crack and bursts of gas jet outwards.
“These gas fountains carry dark dust from below, which falls back to the surface in a fan-shaped pattern moulded by the direction of the prevailing wind. The fans can range in length from tens to hundreds of metres,” ESA explained in a statement.
It further said that the fan-like structure normally forms boundaries between the polar layered deposits highlighting weak zones where ice cracks more easily.
Mars is also tilted on its axis like Earth meaning it has seasons similar to our planet. However, the seasons last twice as long because the planet takes two Earth years to orbit the Sun.
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(Image: ESA)